When a DHCP session is started (using autoboot or a command-line `dhcp
net0'), check whether the new setting use-cached (DHCP option 175.178)
is TRUE; if so, skip DHCP and rely on currently registered
settings. This lets one combine a static IP with autoboot.

Before checking the use-cached setting, call a weak
get_cached_dhcpack() hook that can be implemented by particular builds
of gPXE supporting some fashion of retrieving a cached DHCPACK packet.
If one is available, it is registered as an options source, and then
either that packet's option 175.178 or the user's prior manual
use-cached setting can allow skipping duplicate DHCP.

Using cached packets is not the default because DHCP servers are often
configured to give gPXE different options than they give a vendor PXE
client; in order to break the infinite loop of PXE chaining, one would
need to load a gPXE with an embedded image that does something more
than autoboot.

Signed-off-by: Marty Connor <mdc@etherboot.org>

Add commands `iwstat' (to list 802.11-specific status information for
802.11 devices) and `iwlist' (to scan for available networks and print
a list along with security information).

Signed-off-by: Marty Connor <mdc@etherboot.org>

The PXE menu code also treated the type as big-endian, which went
unnoticed until the first fix because its ntohs() was matched by a
htons() in the PXE boot server discovery code.

Signed-off-by: Marty Connor <mdc@etherboot.org>

The case of an unsupported SAN protocol will currently not result in
any error message.  Fix by printing the error message at the top level
using strerror(), rather than using hard-coded error messages in the
error paths.

ipv4.c uses a gateway address of INADDR_NONE to represent "no
gateway".  It initialises the gateway address to INADDR_NONE before
calling fetch_ipv4_setting() to retrieve the configured gateway
address (if any).

However, as of commit 612f4e7 "[settings] Avoid returning
uninitialised data on error in fetch_xxx_setting()",
fetch_ipv4_setting() will zero the IP address if the setting does not
exist, rather than leaving it unaltered.

Fix by using a zero IP address to indicate "no gateway", so that a
non-existent gateway address setting will be treated as such.

For IPoIB, the chaddr field is too small (16 bytes) to contain the
20-byte IPoIB link-layer address.  RFC4390 mandates that we should
pass an empty chaddr field and rely on the DHCP client identifier
instead.  This has many problems, not least of which is that a client
identifier containing an IPoIB link-layer address is not very useful
from the point of view of creating DHCP reservations, since the QPN
component is assigned at runtime and may vary between boots.

Leave the DHCP client identifier as-is, to avoid breaking existing
setups as far as possible, but expose the real hardware address (the
port GUID) via the DHCP chaddr field, using the broadcast flag to
instruct the DHCP server not to use this chaddr value as a link-layer
address.

This makes it possible (at least with ISC dhcpd) to create DHCP
reservations using host declarations such as:

    host duckling {
        fixed-address 10.252.252.99;
        hardware unknown-32 00:02:c9:02:00:25:a1:b5;
    }

The hardware address is an intrinsic property of the hardware, while
the link-layer address can be changed at runtime.  This separation is
exposed via APIs such as PXE and EFI, but is currently elided by gPXE.

Expose the hardware and link-layer addresses as separate properties
within a net device.  Drivers should now fill in hw_addr, which will
be used to initialise ll_addr at the time of calling
register_netdev().

Modified-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@etherboot.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@etherboot.org>

With the addition of link status codes, we can now display a detailed
error indication if iflinkwait() fails.

Putting the error output in iflinkwait avoids code duplication, and
gains symmetry with the other interface management routines; ifopen()
already prints an error directly if it cannot open its interface.

Modified-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@etherboot.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@etherboot.org>

Expand the NETDEV_LINK_UP bit into a link_rc status code field,
allowing specific reasons for link failure to be reported via
"ifstat".

Originally-authored-by: Joshua Oreman <oremanj@rwcr.net>

Add FILE_LICENCE declarations to almost all files that make up the
various standard builds of gPXE.

Intel's C compiler (icc) chokes on the zero-length arrays that we
currently use as part of the mechanism for accessing linker table
entries.  Abstract away the zero-length arrays, to make a port to icc
easier.

Introduce macros such as for_each_table_entry() to simplify the common
case of iterating over all entries in a linker table.

Represent table names as #defined string constants rather than
unquoted literals; this avoids visual confusion between table names
and C variable or type names, and also allows us to force a
compilation error in the event of incorrect table names.

Other vendor PXE stacks tend to allow the Escape key to be used to
abort menu selection.  Allow Escape (as well as Ctrl-C) to abort
selection.

This patch extends the embedded image feature to allow multiple
embedded images instead of just one.

gPXE now always boots the first embedded image on startup instead of
doing the hardcoded DHCP boot (aka autoboot).

Based heavily upon a patch by Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@gmail.com>.

The PXE spec dictates the rather ugly feature that we have to present
a DHCP-specified prompt string to the user, then wait to see if they
press F8 before displaying the menu.

This seems to me to be a significant retrograde step from the current
situation of displaying the menu with the timeout counting down
against the default selected boot option, but apparently the lack of
the "Press F8" prompt causes some confusion.

Various combinations of options 43.6, 43.7 and 43.8 dictate which
servers we send Boot Server Discovery requests to, and which servers
we should accept responses from.  Obey these options, and remove the
explicit specification of a single Boot Server from start_pxebs() and
dependent functions.

Option 43.6 can direct us to skip PXE boot server discovery and just
perform a standard DHCP filename boot.

fetch_ipv4_setting() will zero its IPv4 address argument if no such
setting exists, rather than leaving it untouched.

The DHCP client code now implements only the mechanism of the DHCP and
PXE Boot Server protocols.  Boot Server Discovery can be initiated
manually using the "pxebs" command.  The menuing code is separated out
into a user-level function on a par with boot_root_path(), and is
entered in preference to a normal filename boot if the DHCP vendor
class is "PXEClient" and the PXE boot menu option exists.

This really ought to be handled via monojob.c and the usual Ctrl-C
mechanism that handles cancelling DHCP or file downloads.

netdev_rx_err() and netdev_tx_complete_err() get passed the error
code, but currently use it only in debug messages.

Retain error numbers and frequencey counts for up to
NETDEV_MAX_UNIQUE_ERRORS (4) different errors for each of TX and RX.
This allows the "ifstat" command to report the reasons for TX/RX
errors in most cases, even in non-debug builds.

This function is a major kludge, but can be made slightly more
accurate by ignoring net devices that aren't open.  Eventually it
needs to be removed entirely.

When we boot from a DHCP-supplied filename, we previously relied on
the fact that the current working URI is set to tftp://[next-server]/
in order to resolve the filename into a full tftp:// URI.  However,
this process will eliminate the distinction between filenames with and
without initial slashes:

 cwuri="tftp://10.0.0.1/" filename="vmlinuz"  => URI="tftp://10.0.0.1/vmlinuz"
 cwuri="tftp://10.0.0.1/" filename="/vmlinuz" => URI="tftp://10.0.0.1/vmlinuz"

This distinction is important for some TFTP servers.  We now
explicitly construct a string of the form

 "tftp://[next-server]/filename"

so that a filename with an initial slash will result in a URI
containing a double-slash, e.g.

 "tftp://10.0.0.1//vmlinuz"

The TFTP code always strips a single initial slash, and so ends up
presenting the correct path to the server.

URIs entered explicitly by users at the command line must include a
double slash if they want an initial slash presented to the TFTP
server:

  "kernel tftp://10.0.0.1/vmlinuz"  => filename="vmlinuz"
  "kernel tftp://10.0.0.1//vmlinuz" => filename="/vmlinuz"

Add yet another ugly hack to iscsiboot.c, this time to allow the user to
inhibit the shutdown/removal of the iSCSI INT13 device (and the network
devices, since they are required for the iSCSI device to function).

On the plus side, the fact that shutdown() now takes flags to
differentiate between shutdown-for-exit and shutdown-for-boot means that
another ugly hack (to allow returning via the PXE stack on BIOSes that
have broken INT 18 calls) will be easier.

I feel dirty.

If there is more than one loaded image, refuse to automatically select
the image to execute.  There are at least two possible cases, with
different "correct" answers:

1. User loads image A by mistake, then loads image B and types "boot".
   User wants to execute image B.

2. User loads image A, then loads image B (which patches image A), then
   types "boot".  User wants to execute image A.

If a user actually wants to load multiple images, they must explicitly
specify which image is to be executed.

Add ability for network devices to flag link up/down state to the
networking core.

Autobooting code will now wait for link-up before attempting DHCP.

IPoIB reflects the Infiniband link state as the network device link state
(which is not strictly correct; we also need a succesful IPoIB IPv4
broadcast group join), but is probably more informative.

Allow for settings to be described by something other than a DHCP option
tag if desirable.  Currently used only for the MAC address setting.

Separate out fake DHCP packet creation code from dhcp.c to fakedhcp.c.

Remove notion of settings from dhcppkt.c.

Rationalise dhcp.c to use settings API only for final registration of the
DHCP options, rather than using {store,fetch}_setting throughout.

Add dedicated functions create_dhcpdiscover(), create_dhcpack() and
create_proxydhcpack() for use by external code such as the PXE preboot
code.

Register ProxyDHCP options under the global scope "proxydhcp".

Unregister previously-acquired DHCP and ProxyDHCP settings when DHCP
succeeds.

Some shuffling around of the image management code; this needs tidying up.

initiator.  This table needs to be replaced by something similar to
iBFT (i.e. scanned for and identified by signature, rather than being
at a fixed address), but it works for now.

iSCSI hack.

really ugly hack at present, but that doesn't hugely matter since I'm
aiming to change the interface to iSCSI devices anyway within the next
week.