This fixes a regression introduced in commit 612f4e7:

  [settings] Avoid returning uninitialised data on error in fetch_xxx_setting()

in which the memset() was moved from fetch_string_setting() to
fetch_setting(), in order that it would be useful for non-string
setting types.  However, this neglects to take into account the fact
that fetch_string_setting() shrinks its buffer by one byte (to allow
for the NUL) before calling fetch_setting().

Restore the memset() in fetch_string_setting(), so that the
terminating NUL is guaranteed to actually be a NUL.

With a 16-bit operand, lgdt/lidt will load only a 24-bit base address,
ignoring the high-order bits.  This meant that we could fail to fully
restore the GDT across a call into gPXE, if the GDT happened to be
located above the 16MB mark.

Not all of our lgdt/lidt instructions require a data32 prefix (for
example, reloading the real-mode IDT can never require a 32-bit base
address), but by adding them everywhere we will hopefully not forget
the necessary ones in future.

This is something of an ugly hack to accommodate an OEM requirement.
The NIC has only one expansion ROM BAR, rather than one per port.  To
allow individual ports to be selectively enabled/disabled for PXE boot
(as required), we must therefore leave the expansion ROM always
enabled, and place the per-port enable/disable logic within the gPXE
driver.

Some hardware vendors have been known to remove all gPXE-related
branding from ROMs that they build.  While this is not prohibited by
the GPL, it is a little impolite.

Add a facility for adding branding messages via two #defines
(PRODUCT_NAME and PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME) in config/general.h.  This
should accommodate all known OEM-mandated branding requirements.
Vendors with branding requirements that cannot be satisfied by using
PRODUCT_NAME and/or PRODUCT_SHORT_NAME should contact us so that we
can extended this facility as necessary.

The Phantom firmware selectively disables PCI functions based on the
board type, with the end result that we see one PCI function for each
network port.  This allows us to eliminate the code for reading from
flash and, more importantly, removes knowledge of the board type magic
number from the gPXE driver.

This function is a major kludge, but can be made slightly more
accurate by ignoring net devices that aren't open.  Eventually it
needs to be removed entirely.

Settings can be constructed using a dotted-decimal notation, to allow
for access to unnamed settings.  The default interpretation is as a
DHCP option number (with encapsulated options represented as
"<encapsulating option>.<encapsulated option>".

In several contexts (e.g. SMBIOS, Phantom CLP), it is useful to
interpret the dotted-decimal notation as referring to non-DHCP
options.  In this case, it becomes necessary for these contexts to
ignore standard DHCP options, otherwise we end up trying to, for
example, retrieve the boot filename from SMBIOS.

Allow settings blocks to specify a "tag magic".  When dotted-decimal
notation is used to construct a setting, the tag magic value of the
originating settings block will be ORed in to the tag number.
Store/fetch methods can then check for the magic number before
interpreting arbitrarily-numbered settings.

This extends the sanity checks on the runtime segment address provided
in %bx, first implemented in commit 5600955.

We now allow the ROM to be placed anywhere above a000:0000 (rather
than c000:0000, as before), since this is the region allowed by the
PCI 3 spec.  If the BIOS asks us to place the runtime image such that
it would overlap with the init-time image (which is explicitly
prohibited by the PCI 3 spec), then we assume that the BIOS is faulty
and ignore the provided runtime segment address.

Testing on a SuperMicro BIOS providing overlapping segment addresses
shows that ignoring the provided runtime segment address is safe to do
in these circumstances.

This interface provides access to firmware settings (e.g. MAC address)
that will apply to all drivers loaded for the duration of the current
system boot.

A hardware bug means that reads through the expansion ROM BAR can
return corrupted data if the PEGs are running.  This breaks platforms
that re-read the expansion ROM after invoking gPXE code, such as IBM
blade servers.

Halt PEGs during driver shutdown, and unhalt PEGs during driver
startup if we detect that this is not the first startup since
power-on.

The Phantom firmware debug logs can be extremely long, so add the
ability to restrict the output to the last N lines.

A DOS-style full path name such as "C:\Program Files\tftpboot\nbp.0"
satisfies the syntax requirements for a URI with a scheme of "C" and
an opaque portion of "\Program Files\tftpboot\nbp.0".

Add a check in parse_uri() to ignore schemes that are apparently only
a single character long; this avoids interpreting DOS-style paths in
this way, and shouldn't affect any practical URI scheme.

Most other Phantom drivers define a register space in terms of a 64M
virtual address space.  While this doesn't map in any meaningful way
to the actual addresses used on the latest cards, it makes maintenance
easier if we do the same.

Someone at Dell must have a full-time job designing ways to screw up
implementations of INT 15,e820.  This latest gem is courtesy of a Dell
Xanadu system, which arbitrarily decides to obliterate the contents of
%esi.

Preserve %esi, %edi and %ebp across calls to INT 15,e820, in case
someone tries a variation on this trick in future.

Callers (e.g. usr/autoboot.c) may not check the return values from
fetch_xxx_setting(), assuming that in error cases the returned setting
value will be "empty" (for some sensible value of "empty").

In particular, if the DHCP server did not specify a next-server
address, this would result in gPXE using uninitialised data for the
TFTP server IP address.

Contributed by Steve Cayford <cayfo001@umn.edu>

Some of the gPXE romprefix.S code attempts to write to the ROM image,
as allowed by the PCI spec.  We do gracefully handle the case of
read-only ROM images (for ISA ROMs and for normal bochs/qemu
operation), but it can be handy to be able to use bochs to debug the
code paths that depend on writable ROM images.

FreeBSD requires the object format to be specified as elf_i386_fbsd,
rather than elf_i386.

Based on a patch from Eygene Ryabinkin <rea-fbsd@codelabs.ru>

Some PCI 3 BIOSes seem to provide a garbage value in %bx, which should
contain the runtime segment address.  Perform a basic sanity check: we
reject the segment if it is below the start of option ROM space.  If
the sanity check fails, we assume that the BIOS was not expecting us
to be a PCI 3 ROM, and we just leave our image in situ.

The section name seems to have significance for some versions of
binutils.

There is no way to instruct gcc that sections such as .bss16 contain
uninitialised data; it will emit them with contents explicitly set to
zero.  We therefore have to rely on the linker script to force these
sections to become uninitialised-data sections.  We do this by marking
them as NOLOAD; this seems to be the closest semantic equivalent in the
linker script language.

However, this gets ignored by some versions of ld (including 2.17 as
shipped with Debian Etch), which mark the resulting sections with
(CONTENTS,ALLOC,LOAD,DATA).  Combined with the fact that this version of
ld seems to ignore the specified LMA for these sections, this means that
they end up overlapping other sections, and so parts of .prefix (for
example) get obliterated by .data16's bss section.

Rename the .bss sections from .section_bss to .bss.section; this seems to
cause these versions of ld to treat them as uninitialised data.

Not fully understood, but it seems that the LMA of bss sections matters
for some newer binutils builds.  Force all bss sections to have an LMA
at the end of the file, so that they don't interfere with other
sections.

The symptom was that objcopy -O binary -j .zinfo would extract the
.zinfo section from bin/xxx.tmp as a blob of the correct length, but
with zero contents.  This would then cause the [ZBIN] stage of the
build to fail.

Also explicitly state that .zinfo(.*) sections have @progbits, in case
some future assembler or linker variant decides to omit them.

Also clean up minor errors in the use of debug macros.

The virtnet_transmit() logic for waiting the packet to be transmitted is
reversed: we can't wait the packet to be transmitted if we didn't kick()
the ring yet. The vring_more_used() while loop logic is reversed also,
that explains why the code works today.

The current code risks trying to free a buffer from the used ring
when none was available, that will happen most times because KVM
doesn't handle the packet immediately on kick(). Luckily it was working
because it was unlikely to have a buffer still queued for transmit when
virtnet_transmit() was called.

Also, adds a BUG_ON() to vring_get_buf(), to catch cases where we try
to free a buffer from the used ring when there was none available.

Patch for Etherboot. gPXE has the same problem on the code, but I hadn't
a chance to test gPXE using virtio-net yet.

Signed-off-by: Eduardo Habkost <ehabkost@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@gmail.com>

This implementation is tested and working, but not currently tied in
to the EFI build.

EFI requires us to be able to specify the source address for
individual transmitted packets, and to be able to extract the
destination address on received packets.

Take advantage of this to rationalise the push() and pull() methods so
that push() takes a (dest,source,proto) tuple and pull() returns a
(dest,source,proto) tuple.

Multicast hashing is an ugly overlap between network and link layers.
EFI requires us to provide access to this functionality, so move it
out of ipv4.c and expose it as a method of the link layer.

Currently this length is set at device allocation time, and is never
changed.

Some versions of ld choke on the "AT ( _xxx_lma )" in efi.lds with an
error saying "nonconstant expression for load base".  Since these were
only explicitly setting the LMA to the address that it would have had
anyway, they can be safely omitted.

We have EFI APIs for CPU I/O, PCI I/O, timers, console I/O, user
access and user memory allocation.

EFI executables are created using the vanilla GNU toolchain, with the
EXE header handcrafted in assembly and relocations generated by a
custom efilink utility.

monojob_wait() was holding a reference to the completed job, meaning that
various objects would not be freed until the next job was plugged in to
the monojob interface.

The userptr_t is now the fundamental type that gets used for conversions.
For example, virt_to_phys() is implemented in terms of virt_to_user() and
user_to_phys().

The EFI timer runs at one tick per second, so using ">" rather than ">="
results in a two-second gap between dots.

We now have two implementations for the timer API: one using the
time-of-day counter at 40:70 and one using RDTSC.  Both make use of
timer2_udelay().

Using start==0 to indicate a stopped timer is dangerous, because 0 is a
valid value for the current tick counter.

The copy_{to,from}_phys() functions were obsoleted long ago by
copy_{to,from}_user().

relocate_to() also disappeared some time ago.