[TCP] Avoid shrinking TCP window

Maintain state for the advertised window length, and only ever increase
it (instead of calculating it afresh on each transmit).  This avoids
triggering "treason uncloaked" messages on Linux peers.

Respond to zero-length TCP keepalives (i.e. empty data packets
transmitted outside the window).  Even if the peer wouldn't otherwise
expect an ACK (because its packet consumed no sequence space), force an
ACK if it was outside the window.

We don't yet generate TCP keepalives.  It could be done, but it's unclear
what benefit this would have.  (Linux, for example, doesn't start sending
keepalives until the connection has been idle for two hours.)

src/net/tcp.c

@@ -65,6 +65,11 @@ struct tcp_connection {
 	 * Equivalent to RCV.NXT in RFC 793 terminology.
 	 */
 	uint32_t rcv_ack;
+	/** Receive window
+	 *
+	 * Equivalent to RCV.WND in RFC 793 terminology.
+	 */
+	uint32_t rcv_win;
 	/** Most recent received timestamp
 	 *
 	 * Equivalent to TS.Recent in RFC 1323 terminology.
@@ -394,7 +399,7 @@ static int tcp_xmit ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, int force_send ) {
 	size_t len = 0;
 	size_t seq_len;
 	size_t app_win;
-	size_t rcv_win;
+	size_t max_rcv_win;
 
 	/* If retransmission timer is already running, do nothing */
 	if ( timer_running ( &tcp->timer ) )
@@ -439,14 +444,16 @@ static int tcp_xmit ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, int force_send ) {
 	/* Fill data payload from transmit queue */
 	tcp_process_queue ( tcp, len, iobuf, 0 );
 
-	/* Estimate window size */
-	rcv_win = ( ( freemem * 3 ) / 4 );
-	if ( rcv_win > TCP_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE )
-		rcv_win = TCP_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE;
+	/* Expand receive window if possible */
+	max_rcv_win = ( ( freemem * 3 ) / 4 );
+	if ( max_rcv_win > TCP_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE )
+		max_rcv_win = TCP_MAX_WINDOW_SIZE;
 	app_win = xfer_window ( &tcp->xfer );
-	if ( rcv_win > app_win )
-		rcv_win = app_win;
-	rcv_win &= ~0x03; /* Keep everything dword-aligned */
+	if ( max_rcv_win > app_win )
+		max_rcv_win = app_win;
+	max_rcv_win &= ~0x03; /* Keep everything dword-aligned */
+	if ( tcp->rcv_win < max_rcv_win )
+		tcp->rcv_win = max_rcv_win;
 
 	/* Fill up the TCP header */
 	payload = iobuf->data;
@@ -472,7 +479,7 @@ static int tcp_xmit ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, int force_send ) {
 	tcphdr->ack = htonl ( tcp->rcv_ack );
 	tcphdr->hlen = ( ( payload - iobuf->data ) << 2 );
 	tcphdr->flags = flags;
-	tcphdr->win = htons ( rcv_win );
+	tcphdr->win = htons ( tcp->rcv_win );
 	tcphdr->csum = tcpip_chksum ( iobuf->data, iob_len ( iobuf ) );
 
 	/* Dump header */
@@ -632,6 +639,21 @@ static void tcp_rx_opts ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, const void *data,
 	}
 }
 
+/**
+ * Consume received sequence space
+ *
+ * @v tcp		TCP connection
+ * @v seq_len		Sequence space length to consume
+ */
+static void tcp_rx_seq ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, size_t seq_len ) {
+	tcp->rcv_ack += seq_len;
+	if ( tcp->rcv_win > seq_len ) {
+		tcp->rcv_win -= seq_len;
+	} else {
+		tcp->rcv_win = 0;
+	}
+}
+
 /**
  * Handle TCP received SYN
  *
@@ -659,7 +681,7 @@ static int tcp_rx_syn ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, uint32_t seq,
 			    TCP_STATE_RCVD ( TCP_SYN ) );
 
 	/* Acknowledge SYN */
-	tcp->rcv_ack++;
+	tcp_rx_seq ( tcp, 1 );
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -747,7 +769,8 @@ static int tcp_rx_data ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, uint32_t seq,
 		return rc;
 
 	/* Acknowledge new data */
-	tcp->rcv_ack += len;
+	tcp_rx_seq ( tcp, len );
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -766,7 +789,7 @@ static int tcp_rx_fin ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, uint32_t seq ) {
 
 	/* Mark FIN as received and acknowledge it */
 	tcp->tcp_state |= TCP_STATE_RCVD ( TCP_FIN );
-	tcp->rcv_ack++;
+	tcp_rx_seq ( tcp, 1 );
 
 	/* Close connection */
 	tcp_close ( tcp, 0 );
@@ -789,7 +812,7 @@ static int tcp_rx_rst ( struct tcp_connection *tcp, uint32_t seq ) {
 	 * ACKed.
 	 */
 	if ( tcp->tcp_state & TCP_STATE_RCVD ( TCP_SYN ) ) {
-		if ( ( tcp->rcv_ack - seq ) > 0 )
+		if ( ( seq - tcp->rcv_ack ) >= tcp->rcv_win )
 			return 0;
 	} else {
 		if ( ! ( tcp->tcp_state & TCP_STATE_ACKED ( TCP_SYN ) ) )
@@ -850,7 +873,8 @@ static int tcp_rx ( struct io_buffer *iobuf,
 		rc = -EINVAL;
 		goto discard;
 	}
-	csum = tcpip_continue_chksum ( pshdr_csum, iobuf->data, iob_len ( iobuf ));
+	csum = tcpip_continue_chksum ( pshdr_csum, iobuf->data,
+				       iob_len ( iobuf ) );
 	if ( csum != 0 ) {
 		DBG ( "TCP checksum incorrect (is %04x including checksum "
 		      "field, should be 0000)\n", csum );
@@ -922,10 +946,19 @@ static int tcp_rx ( struct io_buffer *iobuf,
 	/* Dump out any state change as a result of the received packet */
 	tcp_dump_state ( tcp );
 
-	/* Send out any pending data.  If peer is expecting an ACK for
-	 * this packet then force sending a reply.
+	/* Send out any pending data.  We force sending a reply if either
+	 *
+	 *  a) the peer is expecting an ACK (i.e. consumed sequence space), or
+	 *  b) either end of the packet was outside the receive window
+	 *
+	 * Case (b) enables us to support TCP keepalives using
+	 * zero-length packets, which we would otherwise ignore.  Note
+	 * that for case (b), we need *only* consider zero-length
+	 * packets, since non-zero-length packets will already be
+	 * caught by case (a).
 	 */
-	tcp_xmit ( tcp, ( start_seq != seq ) );
+	tcp_xmit ( tcp, ( ( start_seq != seq ) ||
+			  ( ( seq - tcp->rcv_ack ) > tcp->rcv_win ) ) );
 
 	/* If this packet was the last we expect to receive, set up
 	 * timer to expire and cause the connection to be freed.