[romprefix] Add .mrom format, allowing loading of large ROMs

Add an infrastructure allowing the prefix to provide an open_payload()
method for obtaining out-of-band access to the whole iPXE image.  Add
a mechanism within this infrastructure that allows raw access to the
expansion ROM BAR by temporarily borrowing an address from a suitable
memory BAR on the same PCI card.

For cards that have a memory BAR that is at least as large as their
expansion ROM BAR, this allows large iPXE ROMs to be supported even on
systems where PMM fails, or where option ROM space pressure makes it
impossible to use PMM shrinking.  The BIOS sees only a stub ROM of
approximately 3kB in size; the remainder (which can be well over 64kB)
is loaded only at the time iPXE is invoked.

As a nice side-effect, an iPXE .mrom image will continue to work even
if its PMM-allocated areas are overwritten between initialisation and
invocation.

Signed-off-by: Michael Brown <mcb30@ipxe.org>

src/arch/i386/Makefile.pcbios

 # Media types.
 #
 MEDIA		+= rom
+MEDIA		+= mrom
 MEDIA		+= pxe
 MEDIA		+= kpxe
 MEDIA		+= kkpxe
 # Padding rules
 #
 PAD_rom		= $(PADIMG) --blksize=512 --byte=0xff $@
+PAD_mrom	= $(PAD_rom)
 PAD_dsk		= $(PADIMG) --blksize=512 $@
 PAD_hd		= $(PADIMG) --blksize=32768 $@
 
 # Finalisation rules
 #
 FINALISE_rom	= $(FIXROM) $@
+FINALISE_mrom	= $(FINALISE_rom)
 
 # rule to make a non-emulation ISO boot image
 NON_AUTO_MEDIA	+= iso

src/arch/i386/prefix/libprefix.S

 	cld			/* Sanity: clear the direction flag asap */
 	pushfw
 
+	/* Set up %ds for (read-only) access to .prefix */
+	pushw	%cs
+	popw	%ds
+
 	/* Copy decompression temporary area physical address to %ebp */
 	movl	%edi, %ebp
 
 	call	install_block		/* .text16.early */
 	popl	%esi
 
-	/* Open up access to payload */
 #ifndef KEEP_IT_REAL
 	/* Access high memory */
 	pushw	%cs
 2:	jmp	2b
 	.section ".prefix.data", "aw", @progbits
 a20_death_message:
-	.asciz	"Gate A20 stuck - cannot continue\n"
+	.asciz	"\nHigh memory inaccessible - cannot continue\n"
 	.size	a20_death_message, . - a20_death_message
 	.previous
 3:
 #endif
 
+	/* Open payload (which may not yet be in memory) */
+	pushw	%cs
+	pushw	$1f
+	pushw	%ax
+	pushw	$open_payload
+	lret
+1:	/* Die if we could not access the payload */
+	jnc	3f
+	xorw	%di, %di
+	movl	%esi, %eax
+	call	print_hex_dword
+	movw	$payload_death_message, %si
+	call	print_message
+2:	jmp	2b
+	.section ".prefix.data", "aw", @progbits
+payload_death_message:
+	.asciz	"\nPayload inaccessible - cannot continue\n"
+	.size	payload_death_message, . - payload_death_message
+	.previous
+3:
+
 	/* Calculate physical address of payload (i.e. first source) */
 	testl	%esi, %esi
 	jnz	1f
 	movw	%cs, %si
 	shll	$4, %esi
-1:	addl	%cs:payload_lma, %esi
+1:	addl	payload_lma, %esi
 
 	/* Install .text16.late and .data16 */
 	movl	$_text16_late_filesz, %ecx
 
 	/* Copy code to new location */
 	pushl	%edi
+	pushw	%ax
 	xorw	%ax, %ax
 	movw	%ax, %es
 	es rep addr32 movsb
+	popw	%ax
 	popl	%edi
 
 	/* Initialise librm at new location */
 skip_relocate:
 #endif
 
+	/* Close access to payload */
+	movw	%ax, (close_payload_vector+2)
+	lcall	*close_payload_vector
+
 	/* Restore registers */
 	popfw
 	popw	%es
 	.word 0
 	.size prot_call_vector, . - prot_call_vector
 #endif
+close_payload_vector:
+	.word close_payload
+	.word 0
+	.size close_payload_vector, . - close_payload_vector
 
 	/* Payload address */
 	.section ".prefix.lib", "awx", @progbits
 	.long	0
 	.previous
 
+	/* Dummy routines to open and close payload */
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+	.weak	open_payload
+	.weak	close_payload
+open_payload:
+close_payload:
+	clc
+	lret
+	.size	open_payload, . - open_payload
+	.size	close_payload, . - close_payload
+
 /****************************************************************************
  * uninstall
  *

src/arch/i386/prefix/mromprefix.S

+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2010 Michael Brown <mbrown@fensystems.co.uk>.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
+ * License, or any later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
+ *
+ */
+
+FILE_LICENCE ( GPL2_OR_LATER )
+
+#define PCIBIOS_READ_CONFIG_WORD	0xb109
+#define PCIBIOS_READ_CONFIG_DWORD	0xb10a
+#define PCIBIOS_WRITE_CONFIG_WORD	0xb10c
+#define PCIBIOS_WRITE_CONFIG_DWORD	0xb10d
+#define PCI_COMMAND			0x04
+#define PCI_COMMAND_MEM				0x02
+#define PCI_BAR_0			0x10
+#define PCI_BAR_5			0x24
+#define PCI_BAR_EXPROM			0x30
+
+#define ROMPREFIX_EXCLUDE_PAYLOAD 1
+#include "romprefix.S"
+
+	.text
+	.arch i386
+	.code16
+
+/* Obtain access to payload by exposing the expansion ROM BAR at the
+ * address currently used by a suitably large memory BAR on the same
+ * device.  The memory BAR is temporarily disabled.  Using a memory
+ * BAR on the same device means that we don't have to worry about the
+ * configuration of any intermediate PCI bridges.
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %ds:0000 : Prefix
+ *   %esi : Buffer for copy of image source (or zero if no buffer available)
+ * Returns:
+ *   %esi : Valid image source address (buffered or unbuffered)
+ *   CF set on error
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+	.globl	open_payload
+open_payload:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushl	%eax
+	pushw	%bx
+	pushl	%ecx
+	pushl	%edx
+	pushl	%edi
+	pushw	%bp
+	pushw	%ds
+
+	/* Retrieve bus:dev.fn and image source length from .prefix */
+	movw	init_pci_busdevfn, %bx
+	movl	image_source_len_dword, %ecx
+
+	/* Set up %ds for access to .text16.early */
+	pushw	%cs
+	popw	%ds
+
+	/* Store bus:dev.fn and image source length to .text16.early */
+	movw	%bx, payload_pci_busdevfn
+	movl	%ecx, rom_bar_copy_len_dword
+
+	/* Get expansion ROM BAR current value */
+	movw	$PCI_BAR_EXPROM, %di
+	call	pci_read_bar
+	movl	%eax, rom_bar_orig_value
+
+	/* Get expansion ROM BAR size */
+	call	pci_size_mem_bar_low
+	movl	%ecx, rom_bar_size
+
+	/* Find a suitable memory BAR to use */
+	movw	$PCI_BAR_0, %di		/* %di is PCI BAR register */
+	xorw	%bp, %bp		/* %bp is increment */
+find_mem_bar:
+	/* Move to next BAR */
+	addw	%bp, %di
+	cmpw	$PCI_BAR_5, %di
+	jle	1f
+	stc
+	jmp	99f
+1:	movw	$4, %bp
+
+	/* Get BAR current value */
+	call	pci_read_bar
+
+	/* Skip non-existent BARs */
+	notl	%eax
+	testl	%eax, %eax
+	notl	%eax
+	jz	find_mem_bar
+
+	/* Skip I/O BARs */
+	testb	$0x01, %al
+	jnz	find_mem_bar
+
+	/* Set increment to 8 for 64-bit BARs */
+	testb	$0x04, %al
+	jz	1f
+	movw	$8, %bp
+1:
+	/* Skip 64-bit BARs with high dword set; we couldn't use this
+	 * address for the (32-bit) expansion ROM BAR anyway
+	 */
+	testl	%edx, %edx
+	jnz	find_mem_bar
+
+	/* Get low dword of BAR size */
+	call	pci_size_mem_bar_low
+
+	/* Skip BARs smaller than the expansion ROM BAR */
+	cmpl	%ecx, rom_bar_size
+	ja	find_mem_bar
+
+	/* We have a memory BAR with a 32-bit address that is large
+	 * enough to use.  Store BAR number and original value.
+	 */
+	movw	%di, stolen_bar_register
+	movl	%eax, stolen_bar_orig_value
+
+	/* Remove flags from BAR address */
+	xorb	%al, %al
+
+	/* Write zero to our stolen BAR.  This doesn't technically
+	 * disable it, but it's a pretty safe bet that the PCI bridge
+	 * won't pass through accesses to this region anyway.  Note
+	 * that the high dword (if any) must already be zero.
+	 */
+	xorl	%ecx, %ecx
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+
+	/* Enable expansion ROM BAR at stolen BAR's address */
+	movl	%eax, %ecx
+	orb	$0x1, %cl
+	movw	$PCI_BAR_EXPROM, %di
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+
+	/* Copy payload to buffer, or set buffer address to BAR address */
+	testl	%esi, %esi
+	jz	1f
+	/* We have a buffer; copy payload to it */
+	pushl	%esi
+	pushw	%es
+	movl	%esi, %edi
+	movl	%eax, %esi
+	movl	rom_bar_copy_len_dword, %ecx
+	xorw	%ax, %ax
+	movw	%ax, %es
+	addr32 es rep movsl
+	popw	%es
+	popl	%esi
+	jmp	2f
+1:	/* We have no buffer; set %esi to the BAR address */
+	movl	%eax, %esi
+2:
+
+	clc
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+99:	popw	%ds
+	popw	%bp
+	popl	%edi
+	popl	%edx
+	popl	%ecx
+	popw	%bx
+	popl	%eax
+	lret
+	.size	open_payload, . - open_payload
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+payload_pci_busdevfn:
+	.word	0
+	.size	payload_pci_busdevfn, . - payload_pci_busdevfn
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+rom_bar_orig_value:
+	.long	0
+	.size	rom_bar_orig_value, . - rom_bar_orig_value
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+rom_bar_size:
+	.long	0
+	.size	rom_bar_size, . - rom_bar_size
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+rom_bar_copy_len_dword:
+	.long	0
+	.size	rom_bar_copy_len_dword, . - rom_bar_copy_len_dword
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+stolen_bar_register:
+	.word	0
+	.size	stolen_bar_register, . - stolen_bar_register
+
+	.section ".text16.early.data", "aw", @progbits
+stolen_bar_orig_value:
+	.long	0
+	.size	stolen_bar_orig_value, . - stolen_bar_orig_value
+
+/* Restore original BAR values
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   none
+ * Returns:
+ *   none
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+	.globl	close_payload
+close_payload:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushw	%bx
+	pushw	%di
+	pushl	%ecx
+	pushw	%ds
+
+	/* Set up %ds for access to .text16.early */
+	pushw	%cs
+	popw	%ds
+
+	/* Retrieve stored bus:dev.fn */
+	movw	payload_pci_busdevfn, %bx
+
+	/* Restore expansion ROM BAR original value */
+	movw	$PCI_BAR_EXPROM, %di
+	movl	rom_bar_orig_value, %ecx
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+
+	/* Restore stolen BAR original value */
+	movw	stolen_bar_register, %di
+	movl	stolen_bar_orig_value, %ecx
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popw	%ds
+	popl	%ecx
+	popw	%di
+	popw	%bx
+	lret
+	.size	close_payload, . - close_payload
+
+/* Get PCI BAR value
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %bx : PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *   %di : PCI BAR register number
+ * Returns:
+ *   %edx:%eax : PCI BAR value
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+pci_read_bar:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushl	%ecx
+	pushw	%di
+
+	/* Read low dword value */
+	call	pci_read_config_dword
+	movl	%ecx, %eax
+
+	/* Read high dword value, if applicable */
+	xorl	%edx, %edx
+	andb	$0x07, %cl
+	cmpb	$0x04, %cl
+	jne	1f
+	addw	$4, %di
+	call	pci_read_config_dword
+	movl	%ecx, %edx
+1:
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popw	%di
+	popl	%ecx
+	ret
+	.size	pci_read_bar, . - pci_read_bar
+
+/* Get low dword of PCI memory BAR size
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %bx : PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *   %di : PCI BAR register number
+ *   %eax : Low dword of current PCI BAR value
+ * Returns:
+ *   %ecx : PCI BAR size
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+pci_size_mem_bar_low:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushw	%dx
+
+	/* Disable memory accesses */
+	xorw	%dx, %dx
+	call	pci_set_mem_access
+
+	/* Write all ones to BAR */
+	xorl	%ecx, %ecx
+	decl	%ecx
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+
+	/* Read back BAR */
+	call	pci_read_config_dword
+
+	/* Calculate size */
+	notl	%ecx
+	orb	$0x0f, %cl
+	incl	%ecx
+
+	/* Restore original value */
+	pushl	%ecx
+	movl	%eax, %ecx
+	call	pci_write_config_dword
+	popl	%ecx
+
+	/* Enable memory accesses */
+	movw	$PCI_COMMAND_MEM, %dx
+	call	pci_set_mem_access
+
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popw	%dx
+	ret
+	.size	pci_size_mem_bar_low, . - pci_size_mem_bar_low
+
+/* Read PCI config dword
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %bx : PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *   %di : PCI register number
+ * Returns:
+ *   %ecx : Dword value
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+pci_read_config_dword:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushl	%eax
+	pushl	%ebx
+	pushl	%edx
+
+	/* Issue INT 0x1a,b10a */
+	movw	$PCIBIOS_READ_CONFIG_DWORD, %ax
+	int	$0x1a
+
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popl	%edx
+	popl	%ebx
+	popl	%eax
+	ret
+	.size	pci_read_config_dword, . - pci_read_config_dword
+
+/* Write PCI config dword
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %bx : PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *   %di : PCI register number
+ *   %ecx : PCI BAR value
+ * Returns:
+ *   none
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+pci_write_config_dword:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushal
+
+	/* Issue INT 0x1a,b10d */
+	movw	$PCIBIOS_WRITE_CONFIG_DWORD, %ax
+	int	$0x1a
+
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popal
+	ret
+	.size	pci_write_config_dword, . - pci_write_config_dword
+
+/* Enable/disable memory access response in PCI command word
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *   %bx : PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *   %dx : PCI_COMMAND_MEM, or zero
+ * Returns:
+ *   none
+ */
+	.section ".text16.early", "awx", @progbits
+pci_set_mem_access:
+	/* Preserve registers */
+	pushal
+
+	/* Read current value of command register */
+	pushw	%bx
+	pushw	%dx
+	movw	$PCI_COMMAND, %di
+	movw	$PCIBIOS_READ_CONFIG_WORD, %ax
+	int	$0x1a
+	popw	%dx
+	popw	%bx
+
+	/* Set memory access enable as appropriate */
+	andw	$~PCI_COMMAND_MEM, %cx
+	orw	%dx, %cx
+
+	/* Write new value of command register */
+	movw	$PCIBIOS_WRITE_CONFIG_WORD, %ax
+	int	$0x1a
+
+	/* Restore registers and return */
+	popal
+	ret
+	.size	pci_set_mem_access, . - pci_set_mem_access
+
+/* Image source area length (in dwords)
+ *
+ */
+	.section ".prefix", "ax", @progbits
+image_source_len_dword:
+	.long	0
+	.size	image_source_len_dword, . - image_source_len_dword
+	.section ".zinfo.fixup", "a", @progbits	/* Compressor fixups */
+	.ascii	"ADDL"
+	.long	image_source_len_dword
+	.long	4
+	.long	0
+	.previous

src/arch/i386/prefix/romprefix.S

  */
 #define ROM_BANNER_TIMEOUT ( 2 * ( 18 * BANNER_TIMEOUT ) / 10 )
 
+/* Allow payload to be excluded from ROM size
+ */
+#if ROMPREFIX_EXCLUDE_PAYLOAD
+#define	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxB "ADHB"
+#define	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxW "ADHW"
+#else
+#define	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxB "ADDB"
+#define	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxW "ADDW"
+#endif
+
 	.text
 	.code16
 	.arch i386
 	.size romheader, . - romheader
 
 	.section ".zinfo.fixup", "a", @progbits	/* Compressor fixups */
-	.ascii	"ADDB"
+	.ascii	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxB
 	.long	romheader_size
 	.long	512
 	.long	0
 	.size pciheader, . - pciheader
 
 	.section ".zinfo.fixup", "a", @progbits	/* Compressor fixups */
-	.ascii	"ADDW"
+	.ascii	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxW
 	.long	pciheader_image_length
 	.long	512
 	.long	0
-	.ascii	"ADDW"
+	.ascii	ZINFO_TYPE_ADxW
 	.long	pciheader_runtime_length
 	.long	512
 	.long	0
 	movw	%bx, %gs
 	movw	%di, %bx
 
+	/* Store PCI bus:dev.fn address */
+	movw	%ax, init_pci_busdevfn
+
 	/* Print message as early as possible */
 	movw	$init_message, %si
 	xorw	%di, %di
 	/* We have PMM and so a 1kB stack: preserve whole registers */
 	pushal
 	/* Allocate image source PMM block */
-	movzbl	romheader_size, %ecx
-	shll	$5, %ecx
+	movzwl	image_source_len_pgh, %ecx
 	movl	$PMM_HANDLE_BASE_IMAGE_SOURCE, %ebx
 	movw	$get_pmm_image_source, %bp
 	call	get_pmm
 	.asciz	"\n\n"
 	.size	init_message_done, . - init_message_done
 
+/* PCI bus:dev.fn
+ *
+ */
+init_pci_busdevfn:
+	.word	0xffff
+	.size	init_pci_busdevfn, . - init_pci_busdevfn
+
 /* Image source area
  *
  * May be either zero (indicating to use option ROM space as source),
 	.long	0
 	.size	image_source, . - image_source
 
+/* Image source area length (in paragraphs)
+ *
+ */
+image_source_len_pgh:
+	.word	0
+	.size	image_source_len_pgh, . - image_source_len_pgh
+	.section ".zinfo.fixup", "a", @progbits	/* Compressor fixups */
+	.ascii	"ADDW"
+	.long	image_source_len_pgh
+	.long	16
+	.long	0
+	.previous
+
 /* Shrunk ROM size (in 512-byte sectors)
  *
  */

src/util/Option/ROM.pm

   my $hash = shift;
   my $self = tied(%$hash);
 
-  return unpack ( "%8C*", ${$self->{data}} );
+  my $raw = substr ( ${$self->{data}}, 0, ( $hash->{length} * 512 ) );
+  return unpack ( "%8C*", $raw );
 }
 
 =pod